Association of Plasmid Bearing Multi Drug Resistant Bacteria with High Mortalities in Nigerian Poultry

Bacteriological investigations were carried out on reported cases of low and high mortalities in commercial poultry in the year 2007-2009 in commercial flocks of breeders, layers, broilers, chicks and growers. Pure bacterial isolates obtained from dead birds, mainly Gram negative,  were tested for their biochemical and antibiotic susceptibility profiles using Microscan® Dried Gram-negative Breakpoint Combo Pannels. The microscan panel analysis bacterial isolates for 24 biochemical tests and up to 25 antimicrobial agents following 16-20 hours of incubation at 35-37oC. Bacteria isolated were Escherichia coli, Salmonella Enteritidis, Salmonella Pullorum, Salmonella Gallinarum, Citrobacter youngae, Klebsiella ozaneae, Klebsiella variicola, Enterobacter cloaceae, Hafnia alvei, Pasteurella gallinarum and Pasteurella multocida. The bacterial isolates showed resistance to 6-23 of the 25 antibiotics tested. Tetracycline and ampicilllin were found as the least potent drugs, with 90 and 90.91% resistance respectively. Resistance was obtained against antibacterial agents that are not in use in Nigerian poultry industry, such as the cephalosporins, carbapenems, piperacillin, tircacillin, amikacin, tobramcycin and levofloxacin suggesting possible genetic contribution to resistance. Thirty-four (85%) of the 40 pathogenic bacteria isolates treated for plasmid profile were found to be carrying plasmids. Plasmid DNA size 11.50 kbp was commonly observed (about 65%) among all the plasmid borne mdr bacteria, plasmid DNA size 10kbp (incidence of about 22% in plasmid borne bacteria) as well as a 26.3 kbp plasmid DNA and a 6.6 kbp plasmid DNA. The susceptibility of the plasmid bearing bacteria to antibiotics was enhanced following plasmid curing with sodium deodecyl sulphate.  Antibiotic susceptibility testing should guide treatment in all infections where organism can be cultured in veterinary medicine practice Keywords: Antibiotics, high mortalities, multi-drug resistant bacteria, plasmid, poultry

Society of obstetrics and gynecology of Nigeria – Clinical practice guidelines: Guidelines for the prevention of cervical cancer

Clinical practice guidelines have been developed by professional societies globally. Each guideline although based on published scientific evidence reflected each country’s socioeconomic peculiarities and unique medical environment. The Society of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Nigerian has published guidelines in other clinical areas; however, this is the first edition of practice guidelines for the prevention of cervical cancer. The Guidelines Committee was established in 2015 and decided to develop the first edition of this guideline following Delphi pool conducted among members which selected cervical cancer prevention as the subject that guideline is urgently needed. These guidelines cover strategies for cervical cancer prevention, screening, and management of test results. The committee developed the draft guideline during a 2‑day workshop with technical input from Cochrane Nigeria and Dr. Chris Maske, Lancet Laboratories, South Africa. The recommendations for each specific area were developed by the consensus, and they are summarized here, along with the details. The objective of these practice guidelines is to establish standard policies on issues in clinical practice related to the prevention of cervical cancer.Keywords: Cervical cancer; guideline; management; prevention; screening; Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Nigeria

An Assessment of the Collection and Use of Electronic Resources in University Libraries in Kwara State

Book Chapte

Bone fragments in the cervix uteri

Bone fragments within the cervix uteri are a rare occurrence, however, they may be occasionally found within the endometrial cavity and body of the uterus.We report the case histories of two single, sexually active women who each presented with a history of repeated termination of pregnancy, dyspareunia, post-coital bleeding and penile bleeding in their partners. Examination revealed a hard sharp object embedded within the cervix uteri at the cervical os. Tissue histology confirmed bone fragments.O & G Forum Vol. 17 (4) 2007: pp. 123-12

Academic Library Staffing and Implications for Librarianship Practice in Kwara State, Nigeria

Owing to the observed lackadaisical attitude of many University authorities towards the adequate staffing of University libraries, except towards accreditation exercises this study examined 'Academic Library Staffing and Implications for Librarianship Practice in Kwara state, Nigeria'The descriptive research method was adopted whereby interview served as the main instrument for data collection from the four Universities Librarians in the state.The descriptive method was used to present and discuss the findings alongside. Based on the findings, the study recommended that the library management should continue to lobby and persuade the University administration to appreciate the need to recruit more library staff to further enhance the performance of these University libraries towards their service delivery to the satisfaction to their communities of users

Intraoperative Deaths at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Kaduna: A 2-Year Experience

Background: The car of patients undergoing surgery should accomplish a good reduction in mortality and morbidity from surgery and anaesthesia. Methods: A retrospective study of cases of intra-operative deaths at Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital (ABUTH) Kaduna, Nigeria in a 2-year period. Result: Two thousand, four hundred and sixty - five (2,465) operations were performed in the main operating theatre of the hospital, shared by departments of departments of surgery, obstetric and gynaecology (OG) and maxillo-facial surgery (MFU). Nine cases of intraoperative deaths were recorded. Most of the deaths occurred among the gravely ill, inadequately prepared patients and patients whose operations were done in the late hours of the night. Conclusion: This tragedy is preventable by paying meticulous attention to details and careful patient selection and care. (Nig J Surg Res 2001;3:19-23) KEY WORDS: Intraoperative death, preventio

Effective Information Dissemination for National Development: The place of the library.

This paper posited that effective information dissemination represents an important ingredient for the survival of Nigeria's democracy, if it must engender national development and security, with the absence of one endangering the other. To this end the paper situated the concept of information, and its effective dissemination within the framework of its general application to everyday existence and particular to democratization, development and security. Kinds and qualities of information as well as the nature of effective information dissemination system were also discussed. It further examined the role of effective information dissemination for democracy, development and security. It concluded by underscoring the place of the library in effective information dissemination for engendering democracy, National Development and security, to better improve the present precarious situations in Nigeri